Thyroid cancer

(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) is a phenolic antioxidant polyphenol flavonoid found in plants such as green and black tea, which inhibits telomerase and DNA methyltransferase, blocks the activation of EGF receptors and HER-2 receptors, inhibits cellular oxidation, and prevents free radical damage to cells.

Rhodiolin, a natural product from Rhodiola rosea, blocks glycolysis of glucose 6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) in human papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), inhibits phosphorylation of the PI3K AKT mTOR signaling pathway and induces apoptosis of PTC cells.

L-Thyroxine sodium salt pentahydrate (Sodium levothyroxine pentahydrate) is a thyroid hormone with anticholesterol activity that inhibits the release of thyroid hormones from thyroid cancer nodules and is used in immune and endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism, myxedema, cretinism and obesity. diseases, such as hypothyroidism, myxedema, cretinism and obesity.

Monoethyl phthalate, a metabolite of diethyl phthalate, serves as a urinary biomarker for phthalate exposure and indicates potential risks of thyroid cancer and benign nodules.